Improvement of Frequency Regulation of a Wind-Integrated Power System Based on a PD-PIDA Controlled STATCOM Tuned by the Artificial Rabbits Optimizer

In this research, a novel optimized Proportional-Derivative with Proportional-Integral-Derivative-Acceleration (PD-PIDA) driven static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is proposed with the goal of improving the frequency performance of power systems through the manipulation of reactive power. When there is a variation in load or when there is a failure of generation, the presented controller is able to maintain the frequency of the system within the allowable limits (±2% as per IEC 60034–1 standard). A recently developed metaheuristic optimization strategy known as the Artificial Rabbits Optimizer, or ARO, is used to do the fine-tuning the PD-PIDA controller’s gain settings. In addition to this, the functionality of the ARO-based PD-PIDA-controlled STATCOM is evaluated in the context of two IEEE standard systems: the two-area four-machine system (Kundur system) and the New England IEEE 39-bus system. According to the outcomes, the ARO-based PD-PIDA controller can give a superior frequency response than the PIDA controller whose parameters are optimized by Marine Predator Algorithm (MPA) that was published in the prior literature. This was determined by comparing the two controllers. In addition, the proposed controller’s resiliency is tested by integrating case studies with wind generation. This helps to ensure that the controller is fit for purpose. In every single one of the examples that were researched, the application of the ARO-based PD-PIDA-controlled STATCOM resulted in a remarkable boost in the frequency performance. Additionally, the outputs are introduced in the form of time domain simulations that were carried out with MATLAB/SIMULINK.