Evaluation of Civil Engineering students' performance comparing online versus on-campus delivery mode

Over the last decade, the educational sector worldwide has been steadily embracing the digital technology revolution by integrating industry 4.0 and web 3.0/4.0/5.0 concepts. Many higher education institutions are leveraging this opportunity offered by the advancements in digital technology and are strongly investing in e-Learning systems offering flexible and blended courses in various disciplines. This adoption of e-learning has only been further propelled by the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The main goal of this paper is to contribute to the evaluation of the effect of mode of delivery and technology in student success. We found that technology on its own did not impact student success, regardless of mode of delivery and factors such as student maturity, professional practice, motivation and environment need to be further studied.