Mathematical Modeling and Its Methodological Approach: Application to Infectious Disease

Mathematical models are very important in all of the natural sciences, and they are becoming more and more important in the social sciences too. They also offer a quantitative context for explaining, making predictions, and making decisions in almost every area of life, such as controlling the spread of a disease, managing resources, and making decisions in sports. This study shows numerous frameworks and perspectives adopted for modelling infectious disease using mathematical modelling. This work introduces a general modeling paradigm that has been shown to be beneficial for modeling complex scientific systems for biological purposes. We highlight the most important methodology, tactics, and interconnections of these approaches. In addition, the significance, key characteristics, and methodology of mathematical modeling are discussed. This is a theoretical study that other epidemic and pandemic model researchers may find valuable.