Optimal Siting and Sizing of EV Charging Station Using Stochastic Power Flow Analysis for Voltage Stability

Existing literature on planning for electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) fails to consider uncertain factors in power systems, such as load fluctuations and the impact of EV integration. Consequently, using deterministic power flow (DPF) algorithms for EVCS planning is unreliable. To address this, we propose a probabilistic model for EV charging loads and introduce a novel dynamic system voltage stability (DSVS) index. We then present an effective optimization model for EVCS site and size planning using stochastic power flow (SPF). Our model aims to maximize capital gains on investment costs of EVCS, minimize yearly EV users’ average wait time and distance to charge costs, and minimize the DSVS index. To simplify the problem, we use the super efficiency data envelopment analysis (SEDEA) method to determine objective weights and transform the multiobjective optimization problem into a single-objective one. Finally, we jointly solve the model using the voronoi diagram and adaptive differential evolution optimization algorithm (ADEOA). We verify the effectiveness of our proposed method using a case study with the IEEE 33-node distribution network topology diagram and a planning area diagram.