Demand Response Dealing with Adjustable Uncertainty Set of Renewable Energy in Unit Commitment

Robust optimization approach (ROA) is conservative in tackling the uncertainty of renewable energy (RE) in unit commitment (UC). To deal with this problem of ROA, adjustable uncertainty set (AUS) is proposed and it is a subset of the maximum uncertainty set of RE. However, there exists operational risk of load shedding and RE curtailment in the scenarios where the generation of RE exceeds the AUS. In this paper, demand response (DR) is scheduled to determine the AUS. It reduces the conservativeness of ROA and meanwhile guarantees there is no operational risk. The safe operation of UC is guaranteed in the AUS and DR is used to compensate the RE’s uncertainty when RE is out of the AUS. Through the introduction of the auxiliary constraints and variables, the original UC problem formulation is transformed to a mixed integer linear programming problem and solved by commercial solvers. The proposed method proves effective in IEEE 6-bus and 118-bus systems. Simulation results show that the proposed method reduces the operational cost of UC, and its effectiveness is improved with more participation of DR.