Design and Fabrication of IOT Based Wearable Kneecap for Anterior Cruciate Ligament(ACL) Injury

Strong tissue bands called ligaments join one bone to the next. The thighbone (femur) and shinbones (tibia and fibula) are connected by the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), one of the two ligaments that cross in the center of the knee. The ACL aids in stabilizing the knee joint. An ACL injury is when the anterior cruciate ligament is damaged or sprained. ACL injuries in sports are most frequently caused by sudden stops or direction changes, jumping, and landing. The knee might swell, become unstable, and experience excruciating pain. The activities become impossible to do when range of motion is lost. Due to the complexity of the knee joint, it is essential to have a timely and accurate diagnosis in order to determine the severity of the injury and receive the best care. Depending on the severity of the ACL damage, treatment options may include rest, strengthening exercises, surgery to repair the torn ligament, and rehabilitation. This research focuses on determining the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) knee angle in order to prevent further injuries. The x, y, and z angles of that ligament are measured using the accelerometer and gyroscope sensor, and a grip is provided if the angle reaches a certain threshold. Here, a Peltier module is employed to generate hot and cold temperatures in order to reduce discomfort brought on by the injury. This approach is utilized on a patient who has injured their anterior cruciate ligament and is contrasted with the standard procedure for ACL injuries. The outcome demonstrates that the suggested technique aids in better walking form to stop additional injury and ease discomfort throughout the injury.