Design of a 1-bit Holographic Impedance Modulation Surface Antenna Structure in Ku Band

A diode loaded holographic impedance modulation antenna surface is proposed in this paper. By controlling the switching of the diode, two groups of different dispersion curves can be generated at the center frequency of 14GHz in Ku-band, so as to generate two groups of impedance ranges. When constructing the surface, only according to different two-dimensional scanning angles, the calculated impedance value is normalized to ON or OFF state according to the value interval, and the two-dimensional scanning can be completed by controlling the state of each diode. When θ=40°，φ=0° is taken as an example, the state matrix of 1-bit element holographic impedance modulation surface is constructed, and the results of different scan angles at 14GHz are analyzed and compared. In the operating frequency band of 13~14GHz, the standing wave of 1-bit surface is lower than 2, the major advantage and breakthrough over traditional continuous surfaces is the ability to scan in x and y directions and the scan angle of one direction can reach ±55°.