Triad education system model for undergraduate and graduate programs in engineering: a proposal for developing countries

In Mexico, the application of the dual education system is relatively recent. However, the model has already made important contributions to education systems and the competitiveness of companies in other countries. In this work, a brief review of the background of this educational system is given, as well as an analysis of the problems it needs to overcome in order to achieve the expected results, and, from this, the panorama of opportunities to improve its adaptation to the reality of technical education in México is shown. Given the advent of greater requirements for automation and modernization of companies generated by the technological trends of Industry 4.0, the expansion of this education system by adding participation of public research centers is proposed. With their knowledge and experience, they have the capacity to complement the training of students who graduate from engineering programs and, at the same time, contribute to the technological development of companies.