Circularly Polarized Metasurface Phased Array Antenna System With Wide Axial-Ratio Beamwidth for LEO Mobile Satellite Communication

In this article, a millimeter-wave LHCP
$1\times32$
with a dummy on both sides phased array antenna is proposed. Multilayer structure and single feed are employed. The antenna patch adopts a
$3\times $
3 metasurface. The measured impedance bandwidth is 20%, ranging from 22.5 to 27.5 GHz. The axial ratio (AR) bandwidth with an AR level < 3 dB achieves 3.35 GHz ranging from 24.15 to 27.5 GHz. Relative 3-dB AR bandwidth reaches 13.4%. A total of 37 beams were measured in the anechoic chamber. The results show that whether the phased array antenna system serves as transmitter or receiver, the 3-dB beam angle coverage at 26 GHz reaches from −42° to 45° at
$\varphi $
= 0° and from −42° to 42° at
$\varphi $
= 90°. The 3-dB AR beam angle ranges from −80° to 89° at
$\varphi $
= 0°, and from −45° to 45° at
$\varphi $
= 90°. Based on this linear array, it is easy to expand to circular polarization planar wide-angle scanning phased array. The antenna system realizes circular polarization with wide angle wide AR beam scanning, which can be used in low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication system.