Torque Analytical Calculation of Formed Winding Permanent Magnet Motor

The development of electrification has put forward higher requirements for the efficiency and power density of permanent magnet motors. The combination of formed flat wire windings and open slots with rectangular cross-sections has been applied in permanent magnet motors, which makes the motor torque fluctuate significantly, and the vibration and noise caused by it seriously influence the stability of operation. Therefore, it is essential to study the torque characteristics for permanent magnet motors with formed windings. The open slot brings rich tooth harmonics to the air-gap magnetomotive force. In this study, an analytical model of the motor magnetic field was established based on magnetic potential and relative permeance theory. According to the Lorentz force law, an analytical model of the instantaneous torque of the permanent magnet motor with a formed winding is derived. The model points out that under the modulation of the relative permeance function, the constant torque and torque fluctuation are generated after the interaction of the stator magnetomotive force and rotor magnetic potential that meet the corresponding harmonic order relationship, and the order of the torque fluctuation is a multiple of 6. According to the analytical model, different torque components of the permanent magnet motor with formed windings are calculated and verified by the finite element method.