Latency Analysis for Real-Time Sensor Sharing Using 4G/5G C-V2X Uu Interfaces

With the development of communications, various applications of communication technologies, such as remote driving, delivery drones, and telesurgery, are emerging. In particular, in many cases, these applications need real-time video transmission services, and they should support low latency for operation reliability and quick response in emergencies. Sensor sharing is required to support advanced communication services, but the latency analysis of device-to-remote users or remote servers with high data traffic is insufficient. Most related works have device-to-device communication or low data traffic messages for basic device status sharing. However, the latency analysis of sensor sharing between a device and a remote server or remote user is essential to support advanced communication services such as autonomous driving utilizing data offloading and device operation by remote users via the base station and server. Therefore, in this paper, we analyze the end-to-end latency and latency elements for video sharing, which is the most representative sensor in 4G long-term evolution (LTE) and 5G new radio (NR) Uu interfaces. In addition, we derive the supportable video resolution according to the raw video and encoded video transmission in each communication system. For each video resolution level, we analyze which latency elements have a significant effect on the end-to-end latency. Depending on each communication system, we investigate the number of users for the real-time sensor-sharing system that can be supported at the same time. Simulation results show that the LTE Uu interface supports up to full high definition (FHD) video resolution, and the 5G Uu interface supports up to ultrahigh definition (UHD). Additionally, the results show that only a single user can be supported with the FHD resolution level in the LTE Uu interface, whereas up to 19 users can be supported in the 5G Uu interface.