Insert Misalignment Studies of a Coaxial-Cavity Gyrotron—Full-Wave Approach

Insert misalignment studies are carried out for a coaxial-cavity gyrotron with triangular corrugations on the insert wall using the full-wave approach, space harmonics method (SHM). By applying electromagnetic boundary conditions, dispersion relation is derived for a coaxial-cavity with misaligned insert. Misalignment of the insert caused by axial displacement as well as tilting of the insert axis from the outer resonator axis are taken into consideration in the study. As the electromagnetic fields in the interaction space vary with the insert misalignment, due to this the mathematical formulations of the beam-coupling coefficient, wall losses, RF interaction efficiency, and output power are modified. For a 2-MW, 220-GHz gyrotron, the insert misalignment studies are carried out using the proposed full-wave model with the help of our in-house code Gyrotron Design Suite. For validation, the results obtained using the SHM approach are compared with that of the surface impedance model (SIM) approach. In addition, comparison studies between SIM and SHM approaches are performed for the practically developed 170-GHz, 2-MW coaxial-cavity gyrotron with both triangular and rectangular corrugations in the insert.