Robust UKF Relative Positioning Approach for Tightly Coupled Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks Based on Adaptive M-Estimation

Huber M-estimation, as an estimation method based on mixed norm as cost function, provides an effective method for robust filtering to deal with measurement outliers. Based on the statistical linear regression model approximating nonlinear measurement model, an M-estimation algorithm is used to realize measurement update of states. However, when the measurement noise pollution rate is high, the filtering performance will be seriously degraded. In order to further improve the actual performance of data fusion under abnormal measurement noise, a vehicle cooperative positioning scheme based on adaptive M-estimation robust unscented Kalman filter (AMRUKF) was proposed. This algorithm combines Huber’s linear regression problem with covariance matching method and calculates the adaptive matrix through the innovation covariance estimator based on fading memory index weighting to adaptively adjust the measurement noise covariance used in the Huber M-estimation method. The analytical and experimental results of tightly coupled vehicle relative positioning show that the proposed AMRUKF method can effectively improve the robustness and accuracy of relative positioning and provide a practical control scheme for vehicle cooperative positioning.