Compact Power Front-end Management for Wireless Supply of Multi-voltages to Neuromodulators

Herein, we present a CMOS power management module (PMM) implemented to deliver three DC supply voltages for powering various building blocks of an implantable medical device. This PMM includes an active rectifier, bandgap reference (BGR) circuit, and three independent low-dropout (LDO) voltage regulators. The input voltage of this PMM is a sinusoidal wave form that reaches a maximum of 2.6 V; this is derived from a power source placed outside the body through a wireless power transfer link, which is connected to the rectifier. The three delivered DC output voltages are 1.24 V, 1.86 V, and 3.08 V. Post-layout output simulation results indicate values of 1.24 V, 1.82 V, and 3.09 V, thus meeting the expected circuit simulation results. Corners, including process and Monte Carlo, were analyzed. Compared with the replica-biased loop, which has a small output voltage range with a main output to generate the other three outputs, this integrated PMM utilizing three independent LDOs has a greater output voltage range. The design also meets the small-size and low-power consumption requirements and can, therefore, be used to prevent obstructive sleep apnea.