Enhancement of Maximum Power in T-C-T PV Array through SuDoKU-based Reconfiguration Techniques under Partial Shading Conditions

Solar Photovoltaic (PV) arrays can be arranged in several ways, such as Simple-Series (S-S), Parallel (P), Series-Parallel (S-P), Total-Cross-Tied (T-C-T), Bridge-Linked (B-L), and Honey-Comb (H-C). The Total-Cross-Tied configuration has been found to produce the highest power output and is less affected by partial shading conditions (PSCs). However, this configuration also generates multiple maximum power points (MMPPs). To overcome this issue, PV modules are arranged using static and dynamic reconfiguration techniques. Efficient and cost-effective static reconfiguration techniques, such as SuDoKU (SDK), Optimal SuDoKU(O-SDK), Improved SuDoKU (I-SDK), and Modified SuDoKU (M-SDK), are available and do not require specialized equipment or controllers. This study examines the effectiveness of static PV array reconfiguration techniques under various shading conditions, using the two-diode model of PV modules and the MATLAB/Simulink software tool. It assesses the impact of these techniques on the maximum power output, power loss due to mismatch, and the number of maximum power points in the output characteristics.