Thermal Runaway State in Lithium Ion Batteries of Electric Vehicles: An Overview

Lithium Batteries possess the highest marketplace in the energy storage industry despite the fact that safety is always an open challenge for the designers, especially for EVs, which include the thermal runaways (TR). This manuscript provides sufficient information in order to make the reader understand the basics of thermal runaway, the chemical alteration due to electrical effect that forms dendrite on electrodes and the apparent causes that led to the TR in the first place. Sufficient research is done enough to understand the process and to analyse the same. The effects of electrical and mechanical abuse on the battery are explained. Several methods to detect the TR has been discussed which can be addressed as a scope to further the research for online detection of TR.