A Novel Hybrid Model to Predict Dissolved Oxygen for Efficient Water Quality in Intensive Aquaculture

Dissolved oxygen content is a key indicator of water quality in aquaculture environment. Because of its nonlinearity, dynamics, and complexity, which makes traditional methods face challenges in the accuracy and speed of dissolved oxygen content prediction. As a solution to these issues, this study introduces a hybrid model consisting of the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) and the Bidirectional Simple Recurrent Unit (BiSRU). Firstly, Linear interpolation and smoothing were used to identify significant parameters. LightGBM algorithm then determines the significance of dissolved oxygen by eliminating irrelevant variables and predicting dissolved oxygen in intensive aquaculture. Finally, the attention method was implemented to map the weighting and learning parameter matrices, so enabling the BiSRU’s hidden states to be assigned different weights. The findings shown that the presented prediction model can accurately anticipate the fluctuating trend of dissolved oxygen over a 10-day period in just 122 seconds, and the accuracy rate reached 96.28%. Comparing the model effects of LightGBM-BiSRU, LightGBM - GRU, LightGBM-LSTM, and BiSRU - Attention takes the least time. Its higher prediction accuracy can provide an essential reference for intensive aquaculture water quality regulation.