A Systematic Study on methods of Spatiotemporal Hotspot Detection and Evaluation metrics

A Spatial hotspot is a confined region/space inside a geographical area which has a higher concentration of activity points than outside the hotspot region within the study area. With technological breakthroughs in spatial data collection and increased computation capabilities, several research publications presented novel methods for Spatial Hotspot detection. The relationship between Spatial Hotspots and time (temporal effect) has also been investigated by various researchers, expanding the horizon of the spatial hotspot to spatiotemporal hotspot. The idea of Spatiotemporal hotspot detection gained considerable interest among researchers because of its practical utility in public health, public safety, traffic volume analysis, crime zone analysis, and other essential applications. However, it is also vital to analyze the research literature. Our research aims to organize the existing comprehensive literature into a well-organized hierarchical framework to comprehend better the various methodologies widely adopted around the world. We propose a framework that suitably categorizes the research effort of various scholars into several appropriate categories based on their differences in primary algorithmic approaches. Furthermore, we also present an extensive analysis of the widely utilized evaluation measures adopted in this research domain.