Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage: Pathways for India

Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) would be an essential component of various strategies to address global climate change. It will play a major role in removing carbon emissions that can not be avoided. The countries are adopting and have successfully practiced various financial/ policy instruments such as carbon pricing, tax credits, and procurement programs in favour of low-carbon products to make CCUS economically viable. India is one of the countries those have submitted their net-zero emission targets. However, hard-toabate sectors like industries and irreplaceable coal power plants that jointly contribute to almost 80% of total CO
2
emissions, can achieve net-zero only by utilisation of negative emission technologies such as CCUS. CCUS technology allows various capture methods followed by different separation technologies of CO
2
. The transportation of CO
2
can be done through pipelines, rails, trucks, and ships. The captured CO
2
can be converted into different products for various applications and storage. In this paper, different CCUS technologies with various methods of CO
2
separation and carbon capture are discussed. The paper presents a short review of different CCUS projects running in India at a pilot stage along with challenges in their commercial implementation.