A CMOS Multi-Functional Biosensor Array for Rapid Low-Concentration Analyte Detection with On-Chip DEP-Assisted Active Enrichment and Manipulation with No External Electrodes

Electronic biosensors are transducers that convert biomolecular or cellular information to electronic readouts. Though advances in electronics keep improving biosensors' performance, often their ultimate detection limits and functionalities are constrained at the sensor interfaces. For instance, existing electrochemical or optical bioanalytical platforms commonly face challenges in immobilizing surface bioreceptors and detecting ultra-trace biospecimens due to the slow mass transport limitation from the bulk solution. Additional target amplification or complex signal enhancement are thus needed. Therefore, there is a perennial need to explore biology-electronics co-designs to overcome some of these interface limitations and further advance biosensor detection capabilities.