An observation-based approach towards self-managing Web servers

The Web server architectures that provide performance isolation, service differentiation, and QoS guarantees rely on external administrators to set the right parameter values for the desired performance. Due to the complexity of handling varying workloads and bottleneck resources, configuring such parameters optimally becomes a challenge. In this paper we describe an observation-based approach for self-managing Web servers that can adapt to changing workloads while maintaining the QoS requirements of different classes. In this approach, the system state is monitored continuously and parameter values of various system resources-primarily the accept queue and the CPU-are adjusted to maintain the system-wide QoS goals. We implement our techniques using the Apache Web server and the Linux operating system. We first demonstrate the need to manage different resources in the system depending on the workload characteristics. We then experimentally demonstrate that our observation-based system can adapt to workload changes by dynamically adjusting the resource shares in order to maintain the QoS goals.