The Method and Application of a Variational Modal Decomposition Based on Sparrow Search Algorithm

Heavy machinery is often accompanied by vibration during operation, which is reciprocating, unstable, shocking and has a significant impact on the life of its parts. Traditional time-frequency analysis methods are difficult to effectively decompose the signal and extract relevant information. In this paper, a variational modal decomposition based on the sparrow search algorithm is proposed. In this method, a variational modal decomposition algorithm is introduced and improved, and the fitness function is constructed from the perspective of envelope entropy and signal energy, and then the minimum fitness value is solved by the sparrow search algorithm to optimize the parameters. A comparative study is made with variational modal decomposition algorithm and the algorithm in this paper, the numerical simulation signal decomposition results show that both the algorithm in this paper and the variational modal decomposition algorithm can effectively identify and decompose the signal, but the algorithm in this paper can better control the signal leakage without causing modal aliasing; the hammer test further shows that the algorithm in this paper can effectively deal with the shock signal; finally relying on the Efficient Braking Performance Test Bed for braking tests, the test shows that the algorithm in this paper can effectively extract signal features and improve the accuracy of signal decomposition, which has certain practical application value.