Design Considerations and Performance Investigation of a Five-Level Cascaded Multilevel LLC Boost DC–DC Converter

This work proposes a cascaded five-level resonant boost “DC-DC converter with variable frequency control that is aimed at achieving a wide load and input voltage variation, remarkable efficiency, and zero voltage switching (ZVS) to meet the strict demands of industry applications. The design consideration of this converter was also discussed in detail to confirm the achievement of each feature of the multilevel and LLC resonant converter (RC) combination. The selection of the voltage gain was set to achieve an output voltage that is 5 times the input voltage; the operation frequency range” was selected within the range of
$67kHz135kHz$
to ensure achievement of ZVS and the ability to work close to resonant frequency to achieve the estimated efficiency. Furthermore, a full-bridge LLC resonant frequency with the same assumptions and parameters was simulated using MATLAB/Simulink features to provide clear comparison and vision of the resonant behavior with the proposed topology. It was noticed that the LLC circuit with a five-level inverter differs from its typical behavior with full-bridge inverters; the switching frequency is always lower than the resonance frequency regardless of the input and load conditions. Also, the adopted variable frequency control proved its fast dynamic response to any changes in the input and load conditions to maintain
$1000V$
output, and
$5kW$
with 96.7% efficiency at full load conditions. Experiments were performed to validate the theoretical and simulation results using a laboratory prototype of the proposed converter; selected results were presented in this article to demonstrate the efficiency and viability of the proposed converter.