Optimal Configuration of Shared Energy Storage Considering the Incentive-Based Demand Response

In the context of electricity market, low energy utilization and high investment costs in energy storage constrain the development of microgrids (MGO) and policy guidance is urgently needed. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimal configuration strategy of shared energy storage (ESS) capacity in MGO considering incentive demand response (DR). First, a load guidance mechanism based on scheduling priority was constructed, and the DR results were calculated by elasticity coefficients. Then, with the ESS operator as the leader and the MGO as the follower, a Stackelberg game model between the MGO and the ESS operator considering incentive DR is established. Finally, a combination of heuristic algorithm and solver was used to solve the game model. The results of the calculations show that the total user cost is reduced by 1.03% with incentive DR compared to no policy incentive. Meanwhile, ESS revenue increased by 17.35
^%
after considering DR. It can be seen that the model effectively balances the interests of MGO users and shares the energy storage operator, achieving a win-win situation.