A Review on Electric Vehicle Adaptation: Challenges, Standards and Policy Options

With the economic growth and industrial revolution, the world is witnessing burgeoning growth in vehicles on the road. Soon, the transport sector became the largest energy consumer after the industrial sector. However, at the same time, it also appeared as the primary source of emission of greenhouse gases and air pollution worldwide. Conventional transport technology uses an internal combustion engine that operates on fossil fuels. However, fossil fuel is depleting continuously. It leads a movement toward an alternative transport technology. Consequently, Electric Vehicles (EVs) evolved and grabbed the attention of governments and automobile companies worldwide. Many strategies, policies, and schemes are adopted to promote it. Still, its market share is relatively low. To adopt electric vehicles primarily, it must satisfy worldwide standards. Government policies and regulations also need to be developed and examined from time to time. This article investigates electric vehicle standards, related policies, and regulations.