The Frequency–Temperature Analysis of Vibrations of Quartz Crystal Plates of a Novel Orientation with the First-Order Mindlin Plate Equations

Quartz crystal is an anisotropic material and its physical properties will change with orientation. For vibrations of quartz crystal plates, the temperature is one of the most important factors affecting the mode-coupling and characteristics of typical modes. In some applications of piezoelectric devices, it is hoped that the frequency of the resonator will remain constant in the operating range of temperature. With the incremental thermal field theory, vibrations of the quartz crystal plate of a novel orientation in the thermal field are analyzed, and the frequency stability is examined and evaluated in comparison with known orientations for possible resonator applications.