Collaborative Methods for the Ground Settlement Control in Shield Tunnels: Based on Numerical Simulation, GPR Detection and Ground Monitoring

Ground settlement during shield tunnel boring is a construction problem closely related to a variety of factors. To better control ground settlement, this paper proposes a ground settlement control method based on three collaborative methods: ground settlement prediction by FLAC3D numerical simulation, ground penetrating radar (GPR) backfilling grouting quality inspection and surface settlement monitoring. The results show that: the settlement pattern calculated by numerical simulation during excavation satisfies the peck settlement curve, and the maximum settlement does not exceed 6mm; the quality monitoring and dynamic feedback mechanism of backfill grouting can effectively guide the grouting construction and ensure compact grouting, and the results of monitoring the settlement of the tunnel surface show that the settlement of the surface and the settlement and tilt values of the building are within the permissible range.