Transmission and Distribution Smart Grid System Based on Self-Hailing Controllable Crowbar

The smart grid system is an ideal solution to overcome the limitations of traditional grid systems. A system is considered smart if it has smart in all its parts such as smart generation, smart transmission and distribution, smart control, smart metering, and...etc. In this paper, smart transmission and distribution have been presented to achieve the requirements of the smart grid system. By transferring to the smart grid, all utilities catch a lot of benefits such as increasing reliability, efficiency, and safety. On other hand, the operation cost will be decreased. In addition, fast dynamic response for fault detection and isolation based on automatic Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless control can be achieved. It should be noted that in the smart grids, the security of the system and occupational safety will be greatly increased. The system has been validated under different kinds of faults such as single-line to ground fault, and double-line to ground fault. In addition, the theoretical operation has been tested via MATLAB Simulink software.