Adaptive Congestion Control Mechanism to Enhance TCP Performance in Cooperative IoV

One of the main causes of energy consumption in Internet of Vehicles (IoV) networks is an ill-designed network congestion control protocol, which results in numerous packet drops, lower throughput, and increased packet retransmissions. In IoV network, the objective to increase network throughput can be achieved by minimizing packets re- transmission and optimizing bandwidth utilization. It has been observed that the congestion control mechanism (i.e., the congestion window) can plays a vital role in mitigating the aforementioned challenges. Thus, this paper present a cross-layer technique to controlling congestion in an IoV network based on throughput and buffer use. In the proposed approach, the receiver appends two bits in the acknowledgment (ACK) packet that describes the status of the buffer space and link utilization. The sender then uses this information to monitor congestion and limit the transmission of packets from the sender. The proposed model has been experimented extensively and the results demonstrate a significantly higher network performance percentage in terms of buffer utilization, link utilization, throughput, and packet loss.