Gradient refractive index planar all-dielectric lens designed by genetic algorithm

In this paper, a graded refractive index (GRIN) dielectric lens antenna is proposed. It is divided into different regions, and the structural parameters of different regions are searched intelligently by genetic algorithm (GA). Finally, the final lens antenna is obtained through the continuous selection of GA. The lenticular antenna operates in the X-band (8-12GHz), while a peak gain of 21.1dBi is obtained at 11GHz. The narrowest 3dB beamwidth is
$\mathbf{10.5_{,}^{\mathrm{o}}}$
and the lens increases the gain of the source by 7.2dB.