Energy Hub Modeling and Operation, A Comprehensive Review

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The potential to integrate multicarrier energy systems that fulfill the rapidly increasing energy demand is being made possible by combining renewable energy sources (RES) encompassing wind and solar into massive-scale fossil fuel power generating stations. This article provides a thorough overview of the energy hub while highlighting its benefits, such as optimizing energy consumption and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Energy hub systems are considered the future trendsetter for energy systems. A number of their merits over conventional energy systems are reported in this article. Solar farms, wind turbines, boilers, power-to-gas (P2G) units, fossil-fueled combined cycle power plants (CCPPs), and electric and thermal storing units are components of an energy hub that generates and transforms energy. Levelized cost of energy (LCOE), Levelized C02 emission (LC02), and Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) are considered the main parameters for comparing different energy hubs in this article. Energy storing and transmutation technologies are vital for energy-established systems.