SixPack v2: enhancing SixPack to avoid last generation misbehavior detectors in VANETs

This paper proposes SixPack v2, an enhanced version of the SixPack attack that allows to evade even state-of-the-art misbehavior detection systems. As the original SixPack, SixPack v2 is a dynamic attack targeting other C-ITS entities by simulating the sudden activation of the braking system with consequent activation of the Anti-lock Braking System. SixPack v2 achieves better evasion by improving the main phases of the attack (FakeBrake, Recovery, and Rejoin) through a novel path-reconstruction algorithm that generates a more realistic representation of the real vehicle trajectory. We experimentally evaluate the evasion capabilities of SixPack v2 using the F
²
MD framework on the LuSTMini city scenario, and we compared the detection performance of the F
²
MD framework on both versions of SixPack. Results show that SixPack v2 evades detection with a significantly higher likelihood with respect to the initial version of the attack, even against the latest version of F
²
MD.