Robust Speed Controller for PMSG Wind System Based on Harris Hawks Optimization via Wind Speed Estimation: A Real Case Study

Modern wind power systems have recently tended to focus on achieving fast-tracking wind speeds (WSs), high maximum power point tracking (MPPT) efficacy without mechanical sensors, and high performance under uncertain WS together with an effective control system. Therefore, a sensorless MPPT method is introduced, which calculates the actual WS to save system installation costs and boost performance levels. The implemented MPPT method is based on the approximating of the 3-order polynomial to the aerodynamics torque power coefficient. In this study, three-speed control strategies (SCSs) for a grid-connected permanent magnet synchronous wind generator (PMSWG) are examined and assessed. Harris Hawks’ algorithm (HHA)-based PI controller (HHA-PIC) is used in place of (the conventional proportional-integral controller (CPIC), and adaptive fuzzy logic controller (AFLC)) as a speed controller to overcome their drawbacks. To track the generator speed to the desired speed, the HHA-PIC is used. All the CPIC, AFLC, and HHA-PIC have been carefully thought out and constructed to satisfy the speed control loop’s responsive performance. Additionally, a comparison of SCSs amongst the categories under investigation is done. The effect of HHA on the functionality of SCS is verified using MATLAB/SIMULINK. To ensure the efficacy and supremacy of the HHA-PIC over the CPIC and AFLC, a wide variety of WSs (step change, ramp, and real fluctuations) are applied. The HHA-PIC boosts system efficiency over AFLC and CPIC by 0.81% and 8.48%, respectively. Finally, it can be said that HHA is a crucial remedy for the problems with CPIC and is superior to AFLC.