Toward EEG-Based Brain State Recognition for Personalized Neuromodulation

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive antidepressant neuromodulation therapy for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, the remission rate of patients remains unsatisfactory possibly due to the suboptimal configuration of conventional rTMS protocol. This work aims to design a close-loop TMS system and validate the practicability of brain-state-dependent stimulation based on real-time monitoring of electroencephalogram (EEG). We propose a novel method of phase estimation to enhance the precision of EEG phase-triggered firing of TMS. Our implementation supports subsequent studies on personalized brain-state-dependent neuromodulation for clinical applications.