Impact Analysis of MTD on the Frequency Stability in Smart Grid

In order to accommodate the effects of false data injection attacks (FDIAs), the moving target defense (MTD) strategy is recently proposed to enhance the security of the smart grid by perturbing branch susceptances. However, most pioneer work only focus on the defending performance of MTD in terms of detecting FDIAs and the impact of MTD on the static factors such as the power and economic losses. Considering the system dynamics, in this letter, the impact of MTD on the frequency stability is analytically studied. The condition required to maintain the stability of the grid frequency is provided and how the susceptance perturbation of each branch affects the frequency stability is given. The defending cost of MTD is also optimized considering both the defending performance and frequency stability constraints.