Trends and Challenges in Sustainable Energy Management Models for Public Health Services

Hospital facilities are characterized by continuous operation, where the availability and reliability of the electrical energy supply are essential to guarantee patient safety. The level of hospital’s requirements depends on the coverage and capacity of the facility, recognising that the energy demand will be greater in more complex hospital buildings. As a result of the increase in critical equipment and the medical systems used. Critical equipment often requires a stable and high quality electrical supply. In order to reduce the carbon footprint of hospital facilities there is a need to deploy renewable energy resources and implement management policies that contribute to sustainability without endangering the security of the electrical supply. In this context, this paper proposes an overview of various management models, strategies and research lines that can be found in recent literature. This review highlights the work associated with renewable electrical energy resources and the use of the Internet of Things in health facilities for sustainable energy management.