Beam-Tracking Technique for IRS-Assisted mmWave Cellular Systems With Uniform Planar Array

In this article, a beam-tracking technique is proposed for millimeter-wave (mmWave) cellular systems with an intelligent reflective surface (IRS). A preamble design technique for IRS-assisted cellular systems is proposed using the complex conjugate property of the Zadoff-Chu sequence and reflecting nature of IRS. Moreover, a beam-tracking technique for mmWave cellular systems with a uniform planar array (UPA) is also proposed to track the variation in the angle of departure (AoD) using subpanel structures of the UPA. Through simulation, it is demonstrated that the beam tracking technique with the proposed preamble can successfully track 2-D AoD trajectories of the base station and IRS.