Advanced Billing Architecture for Charging of Electric Vehicles using Blockchain

Electric vehicles (EVs) are getting more importance than traditional vehicles in today's era as they may lead to significant changes in society, so more research needs to be done on electric cars for their expansion. In most EV architecture, the charging station plays an important role. Due to the growth of the extended travel range of EVs, these will travel over different networks that different utility providers might serve. To mitigate this issue, we propose a solution based on the uniform Token generation concept. The concept of blockchain technology will be utilized for Token generation, as the blockchain technique is transparent and traceable; it does not require any third party for its operation. The proposed model will get information about the battery level of each EV through a communication network and based on the battery level. The corresponding best charging station will be assigned. When the EV starts to charge from the given charging station, a certain amount of tokens is transferred from the customer's wallet to that charging station's wallet.