Finding Robust Low Dimensional Features for Sleep Detection Using EEG Data

The study of sleep is crucial for understanding how our bodies function., and electroencephalogram (EEG) offers a convenient way to examine sleep. Sleep can be categorized into wakefulness., rapid eye movement (REM) sleep., and stages 1-4, with 4 being the deepest stage of sleep. We strive to study how well EEG data help classify brain waves into these stages. The goal of this paper is to construct low dimensional features that are computationally efficient, robust., and effective for sleep detection and analysis. We experiment with EEG band power analysis., principal component analysis (PCA)., and autoencoder to reduce the dimensionality of the EEG data and evaluate their performances in classification. We find that, even when highly compressed., two dimensional features are still sufficient to obtain satisfactory classification accuracies: 89.3%, 88.8%, and 90% from band power analysis (using delta and alpha waves), PCA., and autoencoder, respectively.