Integration of AC and DC Microgrids using an Analytical Approach

The design and the deployment methods of the microgrid design have traditionally relied heavily on alternating current (AC) systems. Over the AC microgrids, there are DC microgrids which are more popular due to numerous advantages. The advantages are that there is no need for the synchronization and no need for frequency modulation. The DC microgrids are more suitable for DC loads and in distributed energy resources (DERs). In case of hybrid microgrids, the solutions are cost-effective and are practical in nature. This is due the eliminations of power conversions between AC and DC systems. In this piece of work, an analytical method is proposed for the optimal coordination of AC and DC microgrids with IEEE 12 bus system.