Localization of Ultra Wide-Band Enabled Devices

Localization is the technique used to determine precise location of one object with respect to another object. Effective and efficient indoor localization solution will enable advancement in the fields of Automotive, Communication Infrastructure, Industrial, Mobile, Smart City and Smart Home which will all aide in the easy way of leading human life. Numerous innovations in techniques and technologies have happened in this direction but to achieve precise and reliable solution for the indoor localization problem is still a challenge. Ultra Wide-Band (UWB) is one such wireless technology that makes use of pulse radio signals to estimate accurate distance and angle between the involved entities. UWB is a pulse radio technology that follows the IEEE 802.15.4 that is Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Network (LR-WPAN) standard. It can determine the relative distance and angle of an object in line of sight up till 200mtrs using the Time of Flight (TOF) technique. Apart from using the short radio pulses for establishing wireless connectivity UWB is also advantageous because of its low power spectral density, high operational range, use of wide channels for data transmission and high data transmission rates. UWB also supports secure transmission of data by using the concept of secure sessions defined by FiRa Consortium (Fine Ranging Consortium) applets. All these reasons make UWB a reliable, effective, and secure solution for the problem of indoor localization.