A comparative review on electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles

Health concerns caused due to environmental pollution have raised the need for an environment-friendly and fuel-efficient solution to the transportation system. The continuous use of traditional vehicles run by fossil fuels has degraded the environment from its harmful emissions. The emission of Green House Gases (GHGs) and other pollutants results in global warming and ozone layer depletion. To mitigate these problems, there require some assured and short-run solutions to handle the current situation. The use of an Electric Vehicle (EV) is such a solution which reduces the on-road pollution but the batteries are being charged from electricity which is generated using fossil fuels which causes pollution to the source stations. The use of some alternative and renewable sources of energy like fuel cell and solar power, to charge the vehicle with a combination of EVs and ICEVs reduces the pollution level and make it environment friendly. Slowly, it can be shifted towards pure electric vehicles which are run by purely some renewable sources of energy. This paper presents a comparison and classifications of EVs and Hybrid Electric vehicles (HEVs) in the current scenario that will help the EVs enthusiast for further research in this area.