Hollow Cathode Glow Discharge Initiation in a Fore-Vacuum Plasma–Cathode Electron Source

In this article, we present the results of a study on the initiation of a hollow cathode discharge in the electrode system of a fore-vacuum plasma–cathode electron source. It is shown that the development of the hollow cathode effect is facilitated by the back-streaming ion flux of the high-voltage glow discharge (HGD) that arises in the accelerating gap of the electron source. The effect of the type of operating gas and the cathode hollow geometry on the value of the initiating accelerating voltage, which ensures the HGD back-streaming ion flux, have been studied. It is proposed to use an auxiliary pulsed surface flashover discharge to trigger the hollow cathode discharge. The two methods used jointly provide a stable discharge initiation in the entire operating pressure range of the source, including the ultimately low-pressure range where the operation of the hollow cathode discharge in its low-voltage form is still stable.