Local traffic density of flow-oriented routing protocol for VANETs

The routing is an essential element in the VANET network. It constitutes a great challenge for its design because of: the high mobility of vehicles, the spatio-temporal diversity of the traffic density, and the propagation of the wave’s radio in space that makes the establishment of wireless communications unfavorable. Therefore, different routing protocols already designed are subject to great tests, evaluations and improvements. In particular, the protocols that are part of the road traffic class are more efficient than their competitors when the number of active routes is low or when the mobility in the network is high. The TFOR (traffic flow-oriented routing) is one of the well-known routing protocols with several advantages. Although this protocol seems to be a complete solution, improving specific protocols that precede it lets some significant limits appear. One of them is the use of total density only between two junctions, which affects the effectiveness of this protocol and slows its application spectrum. The main objective of this study converges to an improved version of the TFOR in the essential routing parameters. This approach opts towards using local density to select the next intersection. The proposed new solution LTD-FOR (Local Traffic Density of Flow-Oriented Routing Protocol for VANETs), has demonstrated its advantage compared to other witness protocols such as TFOR, geographic source routing (GSR), and greedy-perimeter stateless routing (GPSR). LTD-FOR has shown its superiority in packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, and packet overhead.