Seizure Prediction Analysis of Infantile Spasms

Infantile spasms (IS) is a typical childhood epileptic disorder with generalized seizures. The sudden, frequent and complex characteristics of infantile spasms are the main causes of sudden death, severe comorbidities and other adverse consequences. Effective prediction is highly critical to infantile spasms subjects, but few related studies have been done in the past. To address this, this study proposes a seizure prediction framework for infantile spasms by combining the statistical analysis and deep learning model. The analysis is conducted on dividing the continuous scalp electroencephalograms (sEEG) into 5 phases: Interictal, Preictal, Seizure Prediction Horizon (SPH), Seizure, and Postictal. The brain network of Phase-Locking Value (PLV) of 5 typical brain rhythms is constructed, and the mechanism of epileptic changes is analyzed by statistical methods. It is found that 1) the connections between the prefrontal, occipital, and central regions show a large variability at each stage of seizure transition, and 2) 4 sub-bands of brain rhythms (
$\theta $
,
$\alpha $
,
$\beta $
,
$\gamma $
) are predominant. Group and individual variabilities are validated by using the Resnet18 deep model on data from 25 patients with infantile spasms, where the consistent results to statistical analyses can be observed. The optimized model achieves an average of
$79.78~\%$
,
$94.46\%$
,
$75.46\%$
accuracy, specificity, and recall rate, respectively. The method accomplishes the analysis of the synergy between infantile spasms mechanism, model, data and algorithm, providing a guideline to build an intelligent and systematic model for comprehensive IS seizure prediction.