A general overview of solid state imaging sensors types

There is a trend to replace thin film by electronic solid state image sensors in many applications due to their outstanding performance and abilities in new fields of image capture applications such as digital still photography, video communications, as video conferencing cameras, and video phone. In addition to digital radiography, as medical radiography in which X-ray films are replaced. The results were superior. There is no need for film processing. It gives better resolution and the image can be restored digitally. The imaging system includes some essential and common elements, such as an imaging lens, an image sensor, and a light source. The scope of this paper is to concentrate on two main types of image sensor elements, namely the CCD and the CMOS.