An Evaluation Study of Fuel Cell Hybrid Topology for Vehicles

This paper performs sizing determination and energy management of four common fuel cell hybrid systems and compares their performance. Control-oriented models of external properties for fuel cells, batteries, and ultracapacitors are developed. Capacity settings for different systems are determined by analyzing the power and energy constraints of the driving conditions. An energy management strategy based on the dynamic programming approach is implemented, with the optimization objective of minimizing hydrogen consumption. Hydrogen consumption and the aging state of power energy devices are used to evaluate the performance of candidates. The results show that there is no topology with optimal fuel economy and aging performance at the same time.