Seasonal dependence of diurnal efficiency degradation and recovery in perovskite mini-modules during outdoor testing

The diurnal efficiency degradation and subsequent recovery of several identical perovskite mini-modules has been investigated during outdoor testing over different seasons. Seasonal dependence of recovery and diurnal efficiency degradation in perovskite devices has been demonstrated. The higher irradiation and ambient temperatures during summer months were found to enhance the diurnal efficiency degradation-to-recovery ratio over the first days of testing, leading to significant accelerated performance degradation in the perovskite modules tested in those conditions. Diurnal efficiency degradation and performance recovery were found to be higher at early degradation stages, where higher absolute efficiency values are present.