Laboratory Testbed for Advanced Grid Applications of Interconnected Battery Energy Storage Systems in Smart Grids

This paper presents a cyber-physical laboratory testbed based on a hierarchical control structure for education, research and development in the field of interconnected battery systems, implemented in the Smart Grid Laboratory at the University of Zagreb. The modular structure of the Smart Grid Laboratory's microgrid enables both the grid-connected and the off-grid operation, as well as hardware-in-the-loop simulations. The hierarchical control architecture enables a coordinated control of battery assets at several temporal scales. In this paper we present testbed use cases for developing distributed control algorithms for voltage and frequency control, and economically optimal centralized dispatch of the battery assets, as well as some concepts for developing educational activities for students.