Communication Technologies in IoT and Related Concepts: A Review

Communication has become a significant part of today’s world. With the escalating number of advancements in the field of the Internet of Things (IoT) and related notions like cyber-physical systems (CPS), Industry 4.0, and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), the need for efficient communication arises. Depending on the distance required for the application and the quality of transmission, there are multiple communication protocols that can be utilized. Various technologies that are used for communication in IoT devices are discussed and compared in this paper. Other related concepts mentioned above are introduced and briefed. Since more and more institutions are starting to adopt technologies from IoT and advanced manufacturing features from IIoT as a part of their systems, these notions are no more an extravagance but are a requirement. The personalization aspect of IoT is what draws businesses and organizations to equip their products with its technologies. This in turn raised questions related to data security. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the notions, compare how various enabling technologies are used to help devices communicate, and discuss the possible attacks in systems involving them.